On the Road Essay

Ever since I was a little kid growing up in elementary school and gradually progressing forward from grade to grade, many concepts about literature and writing have been repeatedly drilled into my head. When it comes to literature and storytelling, I have always been told that the setting is one of the key literary elements and is almost always present in each literary work of art: from articles and essays, to short stories and novels. The setting is the time, place, physical details, and circumstances in which a situation occurs; it usually includes details about the background and the environment in which the characters live. One of the main parts of the definition of setting is the place where the story is depicted. The area in which the protagonist is living or moving is so important in novels and storytelling that the place can actually shape the individual character. Moreover, the place in which the book or movie occurs can shape the main character positively and negatively, according to how the author or director depicts it. However, when it comes down to the three characters: Sal paradise, Andre Dubus III, and Mickey Ward, each one is able to overcome the negative effects inflicted on them by their own settings and turn those effects in to positive actions and stories.

            Andre Dubus III wrote Townie: A Memoir, which recounts the main aspects of his life on paper. Throughout the beginning of the memoir, Andre’s mother has trouble staying in a relationship and cannot hold down a job with steady income. Therefore, the Dubus family consistently had to move from place to place, but each new town seemed to have the same influence on Andre. Growing up, he seemed to jus follow in the footsteps of others and never had a mind of his own. He would just follow along and do what was considered to be “cool” by his friends. Andre began to walk down the wrong road in his life and got into drugs, alcohol, and missing school seemed to occur more and more often. It was not until Andre turned fourteen when he turned his life around and began to work out and stand up for himself and his family. He was tired of all of the bullies and the beatings so he began to fight back. He corrected his path in life and he turned it all around for himself. The setting where Andre Dubus III spent much of his childhood was certainly not easy and having to move to similar neighborhoods did not help. The cities he lived in shaped him into the tough and rigid man he is today. Not only is he a fighter, but he is also an amazing writer who is able to put on paper the experiences that he had in the places where he has lived.

            Along with Andre Dubus III, there is another character where the setting of his surroundings shaped him into the man he is today. Mickey Ward, a boxer and fighter from Lowell, Massachusetts grew up in a rough neighborhood. He was also surrounded by drugs and alcohol at a young age. However, he beat all the odds and was able to overcome his surroundings and made it big in the world. Mickey’s older brother was less fortunate; he too was a fighter, however he fell into drugs and was not able to fulfill his full potential life. Another factor that made Mickey’s life difficult was his family situation. His mother, who was very dominating, tried to control everything in her children’s lives, especially Mickey and his brother Dickey. It certainly did not help that their father was very submissive, and living in a house of ten woman and three men, the father never really knew what to do so he left it for his wife. There was always fighting going on in the house and was not a very enjoyable place to be for Mickey Ward. With all of these horrible situations around Mickey’s life, it just makes him seem even more incredible and proves that good can come from horrible situations. His setting in the storyline was the reason for why Mickey Ward became the man and fighter he was and why he tried so hard to make a name for himself and for the city of Lowell.

            The last man whose place of where he lives shapes his true identity is Sal Paradise from the book, On the Road. Sal, who is named after the author: Jack Kerouac, lives a very quiet and non-confident life at first. However his lifestyle that comes later on in the storyline allows him to break out of his shell and live life to the fullest. “The best teacher is experience and not through someone's distorted point of view.” Sal Paradise uses his experience as a way to learn about himself and understands that he must have his own experiences to create his opinions rather than to take the opinions of another person. He is able to open up his eyes and realize that it was time to travel and see the world. He heads west towards California and is able to meet up with his “partner in crime”, Dean Moriarty who continues on with Sal for more adventures of sex, drugs, and long car rides to meet many more people.

            While traveling, Dean and Sal never seemed to have too much money on them and bare enough for gas. “Better to sleep in an uncomfortable bed free, than sleep in a comfortable bed unfree.” Sal was forced to meet many people on his road trips. He even met his future wife and he did so because he never had anywhere to stay. He created great friendships and broke out of his shell in order to become more personable. In order to live a life not always in the car, he had to live with other people because it made more sense to live with others for free rather than live in a room in which he must pay.

When it came down to Sal Paradise’s philosophy he always liked to say, “There was nowhere to go but everywhere, so just keep on rolling under the stars.” Sal just wanted to keep moving and never stopped. He traveled throughout the United States and probably loved every minute of it. Sal and Dean were able to spend time and get jobs in each place they went but they never stayed for too long and in no time were back on the move. The places that Sal traveled TO opened up his eyes to the world and allowed for him to create his own perspectives and opinions. The setting of the story creates the full character of Sal Paradise and allows for him to change. Due to the fact that Sal never stopped traveling, his experiences taught him more than he could have ever known. They shaped him into the man he wanted to be, the outgoing, spontaneous and adventurous character.

Jack Kerouac

Looks like Micky Ward and Andre Dubus III were never fighting just each other for the title of the “Pride of Lowell.” It turns out that there has always been one more in the race for fame. Similar to Andre Dubus III, Jack Kerouac was a famous writer who had written many novels and some of his books even contain settings where the characters are set in Lowell, Massachusetts. Kerouac had a tendency to write about his childhood, his adolescence and his Lowell friends. Not only did he love to write but he had a great admiration for religion. Being a catholic (mainly due to his mother when he was growing up), and also being a Buddhist is not a lifestyle that is generally accepted in the world today. However, he was able to live with the beliefs from both religions and it definitely worked for him. As a matter of fact, his religious beliefs actually helped to keep him going; especially while on his crazy adventures, just like the ones similar to those in 1957 book: On the Road.

          Kerouac was born in Lowell, Massachusetts in 1922 and died in St. Petersburg, Florida in 1969 at the age of forty-seven. He spent much of his early life just as any teen boy would have during those years and lived in a working-class household where he too had to bring in an income. Then, in his later years, Jack got to live out a life with “no sleep.” He was always on the move and never without plans. It was as if relaxation was never in his vocabulary. He managed to travel and live with everyone, everywhere. When Jack passed away down in Florida, his body was moved to Lowell, Massachusetts where he now lies for eternity. His grave is located in the Sampas family plot at Edson Cemetery and his tombstone reads: “Ti Jean, John L. Kerouac, Mar. 12, 1922 - 1969, - He Honored Life.”

The images Above are of Jack Kerouac’s grave and tombstone, and a picture of Edson Cemetery’s entrance where Kerouac can be found.

        Jack Kerouac includes Lowell in many of his writings and the fact that a famous author came from the city of Lowell, Massachusetts called for the construction of a park in memory of him. The Jack Kerouac Park is not very big, but it sure is beautiful. It sits on a small plot of land in downtown Lowell and in the middle of the park there are a couple of pillars. Standing tall and upright, each one has a different phrase or quote engraved for all to read.

     

Above and on the top left is a picture of the entrance to the Jack Kerouac Park in downtown Lowell, shortly after the first snow fall of Fall, 2012. To the top right is the picture of the pillars that stand in the middle of the park and the bottom picture is the description of why the park looks how it does today.

        While I was there, though it was for only a brief time, I felt honored to be in a park that is in memory of Kerouac, a man who did so much for the community. For this reason, I believe that Jack Kerouac is a valid contender for the title of the “Pride of Lowell.” Along with Micky Ward and Andre Dubus III, Jack brought fame to Lowell and was able to bring the people of the city spirits up. Jack Kerouac will forever be remembered in Lowell and was certainly one of those people who put Lowell on the map for the world to see. Even I know that whenever I think of Lowell, I will remember the literature side of the city and think of Jack Kerouac.

Eggroll Cafe

Looking for a place to eat that is not too expensive but extremely tasty, go check out the Eggroll Café on 110 University Avenue in Lowell, Massachusetts. With the restaurant’s location practically on the campus of the University of Massachusetts Lowell, a student like myself could not ask for a better place to eat. Just by walking through the door I felt extremely comfortable and welcomed. The dining area was not very spacious; however, with the seats at the bar and around all of the tables, there was definitely plenty of room. The restaurant was very homey and the ability to pick where I wanted to sit was a little bit different, but a good different.

            After getting comfortable at the table, I took a little bit of time looking at the menu. Though the paper for the menu was not very large, there were a lot of different choices and combinations to pick from. The best part about the food (well at least how it looked on paper) was the eggrolls and the insane amount  choices and varieties. After picking what I wanted, I walked up to the cash register and ordered. This aspect of the restaurant I did not particularly enjoy. I felt as if I was eating at a fast food place and kind of made me discouraged. I began to worry that the food would not come out as good as I had been told. I placed my order in and went to sit back down. I ordered a plate of General Gao’s Chicken, which came with rice and soy beans. I also made sure to order a couple of different eggrolls. I got a combination of the Crab Rangoon, pizza, and the vegetarian eggrolls. Lastly, I made sure to order the famous Bubble Tea. I had absolutely no clue what I was getting myself into but since I had heard so much about it I knew I would have to give it a try. When I looked at all the different flavors I did not know what to do, so I went with a flavor I already knew: Passion Fruit.

 

            Bubble tea practically has nothing to do with real tea. It is basically a fruit drink served cold and at the bottom of the cup are little “bubbles.” However, these are not real bubbles, they are actually soft and chewy tapioca pearls. They do not really have much flavor but are edible and an unexpected surprise at the end of the drink.

          After sitting back down, the food came out fairly quickly and the waitress brought each plate to the table. First came the eggrolls which she brought in a cool looking, boat shaped container and each type of eggroll had its own specific sauce. I am a huge fan of Chinese food so the first bite I took was of the Crab Rangoon  It was Phenomenal! Once I took my first bite there was no stopping me and all I wanted was more. Next came the General Gao's Chicken which was also very good. The dish was amazing and the eggrolls definitely lived up to my expectations. I would suggest this restaurant to anybody who asks for a cheap place for some good food. Overall, my experience was a positive and I can not wait to return and try something new.

Textile Museum

The famous Karl Marx once stated, “The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles.” This quote is the first line of his incredible Communist Manifesto says how the power struggle in the economy is the biggest problem in the history of existence. Marx believed in the power of communism and hoped one day the world would turn towards this style of government. Communism is the theory based on the holding of all property in common and stating that the ownership of everything is in the possession of the community or state. The proletariat is the workforce of bourgeois enterprise, "a class of laborers who live only so long as they can find work, and who find work only so long as their labor increases capital."

Karl Marx wanted for the proletariat to overpower the bourgeois and create their own party in the social class. By creating a new party, the proletariat would be able to even out the playing field and the idea of communism would come into play. However, the city of Lowell goes completely against what the communist Marx hoped to happen to the world. Lowell was founded on the base of both cotton and textile mills. Mills are a huge example of capitalism that Karl Marx fought against. Lowell was a working class community and the textile and cotton mills were filled with people who wanted and needed to work. These men and woman struggled and battled for jobs no matter the pay and this is proof of a class struggle. The proletariat was not on the same social level as the bourgeois and this would have enraged Karl Marx.

Above is the entrance to the American Textile Museum in Lowell, Mass.

        Even though the mills were far from anything Karl Marx had wanted, the idea was incredibly influential to the world. Going to the American Textile Mills Museum really opened my eyes to the world of textiles and cloths. I realized that essentially everything has textile materials throughout it. Even objects such as a car and an airplane have more than I ever expected.   

        

          Above on the left is a minivan that is taken apart and above and to the right is an old fashioned airplane each with a significant amount of textiles in the components. 

               At the museum there was a special exhibit about World War II which was opened just for the day and then on the other side there was the normal textile museum displays. My favorite part was the original textile museum because I learned a lot more from it. Not only did I read and learn about each artifact but there were some that we could even try out. There was an astronaut glove, a firefighter suit and I even got to try to lift a bale of cotton using a set of rope pulleys.  One of the coolest aspects about the building was how some of the rooms were actually preserved form the olden days (shown directly below). I got to witness how the men and women lived and worked during the time of the mills' existence and I realized how great I actually have it. I no longer want to take my experiences and personal items for granted. 

  

After just looking around I actually sat and watched a video on the looms at the textile mills and learned more about them (shown below). The last part of the museum that I managed to check out was the part that actually included the University of Massachusetts Lowell. The presentation was about the baseball manufacturing and how all of the Major League’s baseballs are sent to the lab in University of Massachusetts Lowell for testing (shown at bottom). I found that particularly interesting because of the engineering aspect of the whole presentation. Overall, I had a positive experience and learned a lot from the museum and for that reason I would suggest that anybody who has the time to go should go because it is an unforgettable experience!

 “The Fighter” Versus the “Townie”

Who is the true “Pride of Lowell”? Who brings Lowell from the depths of poverty and ruins to the up and coming, soon to be booming city that it is? When I think of the “Pride of Lowell,” two tough and influential men come to mind. Andre Dubus III was a young man who grew up in poverty and a divided home, yet he was able to fight his way to the top of his profession and to the top of Lowell. On the other hand, there is Micky Ward, a middle aged boxer who turns his losing streak into one of the greatest boxing stories of all time.

Andre Dubus III had a rough life growing up and it all started with the divorce of his parents. He only saw his dad every once in a while because of the separation and his mom was constantly working in order to put food on the table. Things at school were just as hard for the Dubus children because they all had problems with drugs, alcohol, or just plain old bullies. After one last fight, Andre had enough of losing and decided it was up to him to protect his family. He ate properly, became fit and strong, and managed to fight back. This was Andre’s real start in life. He continued to write, like his father did, for the rest of his life and though he fought and had a reputation he pursued his love of writing. He was able to climb and fight his way to the top of Lowell and is now a well known author making the people of Lowell very proud.

Micky Ward is the other candidate for the true “Pride of Lowell” title. Micky also grew up in a chaotic house with one older brother and many sisters. His mother rare tried to do what was best for Micky at times, while his dad put a little more effort into looking out for his youngest son. Micky, just like his brother, started boxing at a young age. As he got older, he got stronger and tougher. He could take a punch as if he was being flicked and then swing back even harder. At the start of his professional boxing career, Micky was on a bad streak where he just could not win a match. However, once he changed his loyalty from his mother to a new manager, it all began to change. Micky started winning and even had a shot for the title. The championship match was an extremely entertaining spectacle and it was even more incredible when Micky Ward came out on top. He did it! He became the boxing champion of the world and truly put the city of Lowell on the map for all to see. In The Fighter, Micky’s brother Dicky gives him the title of the “Pride of Lowell” and talks about how everyone is so proud of him.

            Therefore, who is the “Pride of Lowell”? I believe both these exceptional men can share the title. Andre and Micky grow up in one of the worst neighborhoods around and with difficult family situations. The only difference between them and the rest of the children growing up in the same era and same situations is that they made it to the top of their own professions. Andre, an author, and Micky, a boxer, changed how the world looks at the city of Lowell and for that reason I consider them both the Pride of Lowell.      

                         

   

  

Above are four significant pictures and from left to right they are: the real life Micky Ward, the cover to the novel Townie written by Andre Dubus III, then in the middle is Andre Dubus III, and on the bottom are two Hollywood actors that stared in the movie The Fighter and they played Micky Ward (Mark Wahlberg) and Dicky Ecklund (Christian Bale). 

Boott Cotton Mills

“What could you do with a bale of cotton?”

Considering the lives of those who worked at the Boott Cotton Mill, the local communities tied to the mills, and the way American society and the larger economy benefited from their toil, there are two different arguments that can be made in the favor of either the Jeffersonian or the Hamiltonian position. Moreover, the Jeffersonian argument is for a more agrarian-based economy while the Hamiltonian side argues for an economy country that wields much of its power from the industrial enterprise.

The life of a mill worker was absolutely horrendous compared to jobs today. A mill worker had to be up bright and early for work which would last all day, no matter the weather conditions. The women and children of Lowell that worked within the walls of the Boott Cotton Mill not only had terrible conditions while on duty but their lives were just as bad during their off hours. The mill workers would go in to work in the morning and use the sunlight as their clock in order to work as many hours as they could because the sun was the only light in the mill. Also, though they worked to get paid, the wages were very, very small and about half of their pay per week was taken out for the housing provided to them by the mill and for food which was basically paying for the mill workers’ meal plans. To make matters worse, the mill buildings were full of heavy, loud, and obnoxious machinery while steam was continuously pumped into the rooms to help produce better quality cotton fabric. This in turn caused for a much more humid, smelly, and dangerous work place.

             

Boott Cotton Mills: Main building with over one-hundred loom machines.

            The Jeffersonian argument is for a more agrarian-based economy which means that supporters of Jefferson would want to have the entire industry of the country be dependent on agriculture. If the entire country was to be reliant on agriculture instead of industrial means to make a profit then people who live in places like the northeast would be out of jobs. In a location where the weather has too much of a poor effect on the wildlife, people would not be able to participate in the agricultural economy. Sun and a sufficient amount of water are needed for proper plant growth and the northern part of the country cannot produce certain products because of the fall and winter months.

            On the other hand, the Hamiltonian argument is for an economy country that yields much of its power from the industrial enterprise. This way of life would allow for many new jobs, faster income, and a lot more profit. Since machines can work twice as fast as people and never stop to take a break, it seems logical to have an industrial economy. Although people have a higher chance of getting hurt or shortening their life span, this type of economy will give men, woman, and children jobs all over the country. However, the agricultural economy mainly exists in the south and not in the north so not as many families will be able to work.

            I believe in compromising and using both types of industry. Although each argument has pros and cons, if just the pros of each were to be looked at and the country worked together then the good aspects would far out way the bad and the entire United States of America would prosper. Some cons (shown below) are of course serious problems but the positive benefits of jobs and money certainly come out on top. Therefore, the north should expand into the industrial enterprise while the south expands in the agrarian based economy. This will allow for the most profit and least amount of unemployment in the country.   

              

Above is a picture of a dam connecting one of the canals  Above is the water runoff that

to the Merrimack River. However, since the mills have     dumps back into the Merrimack          

been shut down and the canal is no longer in use, the dam River.

looks a bit run down.

Both of these pictures represent two of the cons in the compromise.

P.S.

            My Favorite part of the Boott Cotton Mill tour was when we had a model that represented the Merrimack River and, just as the mills were created in the past along the canals in Lowell, we too had to create our own mills and canals between the thirty-two foot elevation difference between the river in the north and in the south. Using the mills and canals, with bolts and dams, we were able to set up a way to harness all of the water energy that the Merrimack River is able to give off. Below is a picture of the set up created by myself and three other students. The blue and white tunneling represents the river while the black valves are canals and the red and clear structures are mills.